HVAC is a trade that incorporates technology provides intensive, practical training ideal for recent technical or engineering school graduates, engineers new to the HVAC field, those who need a refresher in new technologies, and facility managers, sales representatives and others who want to gain a better understanding of HVAC fundamentals, equipment and systems. This short 6 month refrigeration and HVAC certification training is designed to train and prepare students for entry as service and maintenance technicians in jobs that utilize technologies employed in the fields of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR). Courses focus on the fundamentals of comfort systems and refrigeration.

HVAC is a trade that incorporates technology provides intensive, practical training ideal for recent technical or engineering school graduates, engineers new to the HVAC field, those who need a refresher in new technologies, and facility managers, sales representatives and others who want to gain a better understanding of HVAC fundamentals, equipment and systems. This short 6 month refrigeration and HVAC certification training is designed to train and prepare students for entry as service and maintenance technicians in jobs that utilize technologies employed in the fields of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR). Courses focus on the fundamentals of comfort systems and refrigeration.

HVAC Education Programs

HVAC courses and HVAC education programs are designed to train students in the proper safety practices, procedures and industry standards of HVAC and HVACR systems. They learn how to install, design, troubleshoot and service different types of HVAC systems and machines, and also gain advanced skills in the area of refrigerant handling. Many HVAC education programs focus on fossil fuel combustion systems for residential buildings and commercial buildings, and give students a chance to take both classroom-based and hands-on HVAC courses throughout their educational career.

Prerequisites for completing an HVAC education program include having a high school diploma or a GED, and being at least 18 years of age. Many students choose to complete their HVAC education at a vocational college or trade school immediately after graduation from high school. Students may choose to complete an internship or an apprenticeship to supplement their HVAC education program, and gain valuable work experience in their field.

Types of HVAC Courses

Examples of different types of HVAC courses offered by accredited HVAC training centers and schools include:

Fundamentals of Commercial HVAC

Pneumatic Controls

Energy Fundamentals

Energy Awareness for Commercial Buildings

Personal Safety

Basic and Parallel Circuits

Magnetism and Electrical Applications

Wiring and Schematic Reading

Basic Electric Motor Theory

Application of Electric Motors

Introduction to Psychometrics

Airflow Measurement Methods and Calculations

Basic Refrigeration Cycle Physics

Expansion and Metering Devices

Compressor Accessories and Applications

Characteristics of Fuel Oil Principles of Combustion

Complete Heating Systems

Fuel Gas Composition

Boiler Fundamentals

Hydronics

Heat Pumps

Building and HVAC Systems

Introduction to Heat Loads

IntechOpen Books Publish About News Contact Author Panel Sign in Search Submit Open access peer-reviewed chapter Types of HVAC Systems By Shaimaa Seyam Submitted: February 24th 2018Reviewed: May 19th 2018Published: November 5th 2018 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.78942 Home > Books > HVAC System Downloaded: 3509 33 total citations on Dimensions. Abstract HVAC systems are milestones of building mechanical systems that provide thermal comfort for occupants accompanied with indoor air quality. HVAC systems can be classified into central and local systems according to multiple zones, location, and distribution. Primary HVAC equipment includes heating equipment, ventilation equipment, and cooling or air-conditioning equipment. Central HVAC systems locate away from buildings in a central equipment room and deliver the conditioned air by a delivery ductwork system. Central HVAC systems contain all-air, air-water, all-water systems. Two systems should be considered as central such as heating and cooling panels and water-source heat pumps. Local HVAC systems can be located inside a conditioned zone or adjacent to it and no requirement for ductwork. Local systems include local heating, local air-conditioning, local ventilation, and split systems.

Taking an HVAC Course Online  If you can’t find a suitable HVAC education program at a vocational school or HVAC training school in your area, you might be able to take an HVAC course online. Many accredited schools now offer online HVAC courses and training programs where students learn through online videos, tutorials, web-based lectures and complete online assignments. Students may still need to complete hands-on training at a dedicated facility or approved training center, but will be able to take the bulk of their HVAC education requirements completely.

Taking an HVAC course online can make it easier to manage a busy schedule and also gives you more flexibility. You may have the option to take only one HVAC course online and the remainder on a campus, or most of your HVAC courses in on online format.

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

Technology creates a vital role in creating the Impacts and robustness in society via industries. As weather change and types of weather is required to control and available for human resources in normal conditions. in this situation one of the technologies related to HVAC - heat ventilation Air Conditioning is high in demands in all over the world. The greatest part of this technology that its work both weather, either cold or hot. red people.

organizations which offers the specialized course of Certified HVAC and Refrigeration course in Karachi or Certified HVAC training course in Pakistan. The course is divided in to two parts and the first part is totally belonging from design and load calculation through HAP Software and another Part is the based on HVAC Systems & Application. The course comprises from basic to advance level and its tools and techniques.

A. Planning of an HVAC System

B. Types of HVAC Systems

C. Design of Chiller Plant

D. Equipment Selection (Chiller, AHU, Cooling Tower, Pump)

E. System Flow Diagrams

F. Approach in Energy conversations

G. Constant vs Variable Flow Systems

H. Primary Only vs Primary-Secondary Chilled Water Schemes

I. Scope of Alternate Energy Sources

J. Co-Generation/CHP/Tri-Generation

K. Waste Heat Recovery Chillers

L. Life Cycle Cost

What is HVAC?

Defined: HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning.

HVAC refers to the different systems used for moving air between indoor and outdoor areas, along with heating and cooling both residential and commercial buildings. They are the systems that keep you warm and cozy in the winter and feeling cool and fresh in the summer. They also are the systems that filter and clean indoor air to keep you healthy and maintain humidity levels at optimal comfort levels.

HVAC is a common term that people use, and most have a general idea of what it's referring to. On the other hand, how does HVAC work? And, how does it apply to your home? Petro Home Services provides full home services in addition to our HVAC solutions, and we can give you the lowdown on HVAC basics.

Each component in your home may be separate, such as a radiant system combined with window air conditioning units. However, it is more common for combined systems such as central heating and AC systems that use a single blower to circulate air via internal ducts in a home, or with a ductless system for different rooms or zones in the house.How does HVAC Work?

HVAC Basics

The purpose of an HVAC system is more than just warming or cooling a space. Instead, it serves to improve indoor air quality and provide comfort for everyone inside a building. While there are several different types of HVAC systems, they all begin with the same essentials...

First, there is a source of fresh air intake from the outside or from within the home. This process is called ventilation, and it happens in two different ways. Natural ventilation is present in most homes and refers to the way air typically moves in and out through windows, doors, vents, and other openings. This exchange of air is necessary to replenish oxygen, and to remove odors, carbon dioxide, unpleasant odors, and excessive moisture.

Mechanical ventilation uses a mechanical system--the V in HVAC--to move air in and out. In the past, there was plenty of natural ventilation in most homes from gaps and cracks in the construction along with opening and closing of doors. However, modern construction is creating homes that are far more tightly sealed so ventilation is becoming an increasingly important component in home HVAC systems. Once the air is brought in, it is drawn into an air handling unit where the work begins. Here, air is drawn through filters to remove dirt, dust, allergens, and other particles. Next up is comfort. Air is either sent to be heated or sent to be cooled and have excess humidity removed.

Once the air is clean, fresh, and at a comfortable temperature, it is directed into the home. For central systems, this means moving through a network of ducts and registers to different rooms. For other systems, this usually means being directed right into the space.

AcronymWhat it stands for …AC Air Conditioning

AC Alternating Current

ACH Air Changes per Hour

ACM Asbestos Containing Material

AEE Association of Energy Engineers

AFD Adjustable Frequency Drive

AFUE Annual Fuel Efficiency Ratio

AHU Air Handling Unit

AI Analog Input

AO Analog Output

ASHRAE American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers

B Boiler

BACnet A Data Communication Protocol for Building Automation and Control Networks

BAS Building Automation System

BCA Building Commissioning Association

BI Backward Incline

BI Binary Input

BO Binary Output

BSLN Baseline

BTU British Thermal Unit

BTUH Brtish Thermal Units / Hour

BY Base Year

CAV Constant Air Volume

CD Cold Deck

CDD Cooling Degree Days

CEM Certified Energy Manager

CFC ChloroFluoroCarbon

CFM Cubic Feet per Minute

CH Chiller

CHW Chilled Water

CHWP Chilled Water Pump

CHWR Chilled Water Return

CHWRT Chilled Water Return Temperature

CHWS Chilled Water Supply

CHWST Chilled Water Supply Temperature

CLF Cooling Load Factor

CLTD Cooling Load Temperature Difference

COP Coefficient Of Performance

CRAC Computer Room Air Conditioner

CT Cooling Tower

CV Constant Volume

CVRMSE Coefficient of Variation of the Root Mean Square of the Error

CWP Condenser Water Pump

CWR Condenser Water Return

CWRT Condenser Water Return Temperature

CWS Condenser Water Supply

CWST Condenser Water Supply Temperature

CY Current Year

DA Discharge Air

DB Data Base

DB Dry Bulb

DC Direct Current

DCV Demand Controlled Ventilation

DD Degree Day

DDC Direct Digital Control

DH Duct Heater

DI Digital Input

DO Digital Output

DP Dew Point

DP Differential Pressure

DX Direct Expansion

EAT Entering Air Temperature

ECM Electronically Commutated Motor

ECM Energy Conservation Measure

ECO Energy Conservation Opportunity

EDH Electric Duct Heater

EEM Energy Efficiency Measure

EER Energy Efficiency Ratio

EF Exhaust Fan

EH Electric Heater

EMS Energy Management System

ESCO Energy Service Company

EUH Electric Unit Heater

EWT Entering Water Temperature

FC Forward Curve

FCU Fan Coil Unit

FIM Facility Improvement Measure

FLA Full Load Amps

FMS Facility Management System

FPM Feet Per Minute

FW Feed Water

GPM Gallons Per Minute

GUI Graphical User Interface

HCFC Hydrochlorocfuorocarbon

HD Hot Deck

HDD Heating Degree Days

HEPA High Efficiency Particulate Arresting

HFC HydroFluoroCarbon

HHV Higher Heating Value

HHWP Heating Hot Water Pump

HHWR Heating Hot Water Return

HHWS Heating Hot Water Supply

HL High Limit

HPS High Pressure Steam

HR Heat Recovery

HRU Heat Recovery Unit

HRV Heat Recovery Ventilator

HSPF Heating Seasonal Performance Factor

HVAC Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning

HWP Hot Water Pump

HWR Hot Water Return

HWS Hot Water Supply

HWRT Hot Water Return Temperature

HWST Hot Water Supply Temperature

HX Heat Exchanger

I/O Input Output

IAQ Indoor Air Quality

IPMVP International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol

IR Infra-Red

LAT Leaving Air Temperature

LHV Lower Heating Value

LL Low Limit

LON Local Operating Network

LP Low Pressure

LPS Low Pressure Steam

LRA Locked Rotor Amps

LWBT Leaving Wet Bulb Temperature

LWT Leaving Water Temperature

M&V Measurement and Verification

MA Mixed Air

MAT Mixed Air Temperature

MCC Motor Control Center

MUA Make-up Air Unit

MX Metrix Utility Accounting System

MZ Multi-Zone

NC Normally Closed

NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association

NO Normally Open

NPSH Net Positive Suction Head

OA Outside Air

OAP Outside Air Percentage

OAT Outside Air Temperature

ODP Open Drip Proof

OWS Operator Work Station

PC Performance Contracting

PE Professional Engineer

PH Pre-Heat

PID Proportional Integral Derivative

PRV Pressure Relief Valve

PRV Pressure Reducing Valve

PTAC Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner

RA Return Air

RF Return Fan

RH Reheat

RH Relative Humidity

RPM Revolutions Per Minute

RTD Resistance Temperature Detector

RTU Roof Top Unit

SA Supply Air

SAT Supply Air Temperature

SC Shading Coefficient

SEER Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio

SF Supply Fan

SHFG Solar Heat Gain Factor

SHR Sensible Heat Ratio

SP Set Point

SP Static Pressure

SWP Steam Working Pressure

T Temperature

T Thermostat

TEV Thermostatic Expansion Valve

TOD Time Of Day

TORR Millimeter of Mercury (mmHg)

TXV Thermostatic Expansion Valve

UH Unit Heater

UV UltraViolet

UV Unit Ventilator

VAV Variable Air Volume

VD Volume Damper

VFD Variable Frequency Drive

VSD Variable Speed Drive

VSP Variable Speed Pump(ing)

WB Wet Bulb

WC Water Column

YTD Year To Date

HVAC Acronyms and Abbreviations

The Heating and Cooling industry aka HVAC or “Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning” has a lot of acronyms and abbreviations.  You may hear an acronyms or abbreviation when looking into a new system, see the acronyms or abbreviation on a sticker or unit and wonder what that means.  We would like to help you with a list of related HVAC acronyms and abbreviations with links to other pages on our site to give even more information how the industry is using the term!  Hope this helps, if you have more questions about any of your Heating or Cooling needs in Maryland give us a call (410) 881-2451

A – Air, Compressed Air, compressed air line, area

A/C – Air conditioning

ABC – Above ceiling

AC – Air Conditioning air chamber, alternating current

ACD – Automatic Control Damper

AD – Access Door

AF – Air Foil

AFF – Above finished floor

AFG – Above finished grade

AFUE – Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency

AHU – Air Handling Unit

AL – Aluminum

AMB – Ambient

AMP – Ampere

AP – Access Panel

APD – Air Pressure Drop

ARR – Arrangement

AS – Air Stream

ATC – Automatic Temperature Control

ATM – Atmosphere

AUTO – Automatic

AUX – Auxiliary

AVG – Average

B & S – Bell and spigot

BBD – Boiler blowdown

BDD – Back-Draft Damper

BF – Boiler feed

BHP – Boiler horsepower, brake horsepower

BI – Backwards Inclined

BOD – Bottom of Duct

BOP – Bottom of pipe

BOT – Bottom

BP – Back pressure

BSMT – Basement

BTU – British Thermal Unit

BTUH – British Thermal Unit per Hour

BV – Butterfly valve

C – Condensate line

C to C – Center to center

CA – Compressed air

CAL – Calorie

CAP – Capacity

CD – Condensate drain

CENT – Center, Centrifugal

CF – Cubic Feet chemical feed, cubic foot

CFH – Cubic feet per hour

CFM – Cubic Feet per Minute

CH – Chilled, Chiller

CHW – Chilled Water

CHWR – Chilled Water Return

CHWS – Chilled Water Supply

CI – Cast iron

CIRC – Circular

CL – Center line

CM – Centimeter

CM2 – Square centimeter

CO – Clean out, Carbon Monoxide

COL – Column

CONC – Concrete, concentric

CONN – Connection, Connect

CONT – Continuation

CPVC – Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride

CR – Condenser return

CRW – Chemical resistant waste

CS – Condenser supply

CT – Cooling Tower

CTBD – Cooling Tower Blow Down

CTR – Center

CU – Cubic

CU FT. – Cubic feet

CU IN. – Cubic inches

CUH – Cabinet Unit Heater

CV – Check valve

CW – Cold water

CWR – Condenser Water Return, cold water riser

CWS – Condenser Water Supply

D – Drain, Deep

DB – Dry Bulb {Reference to Temperature}

DDC – Direct Digital Control

DEG – Degree

DELTAT – Temperature difference, Delta Temperature

DET – Detail

DIA – Diameter

DIM – Dimension

DISC – Disconnect

DN – Down

DP – Differential Pressure, Dew point temperature

DR – Drain

DWG – Drawing

E to C – End to center

EA – Each, Exhaust Air

EAHU – Exhaust Air Handling Unit

EAT – Entering Air Temperature

EATR – Exhaust Air Transfer Ratio

EER – Energy efficient ratio

EF – Exhaust Fan

EFF – Efficiency

EJ – Expansion joint

EL – Elevation

ELB – Elbow

ELEC – Electrical

EMER – Emergency

EMS – Energy Management System

ENT – Entering

ERV – Energy Recovery Ventilator

ESP – External Static Pressure

ET – Expansion Tank

EUH – Electrical Unit Heater

EVAP – Evaporator

EWT – Entering Water Temperature

EXH / EX – Exhaust

EXP – Expansion

EXST – existing

EXT – External

F – Fahrenheit

FA – Free Area, Fire Alarm

FC – Flexible Connection, flexible connection

FCO – Floor clean out

FCU – Fan Coil Unit

FD – Floor Drain, Fire Damper, Fire Department

FDW – Feed water

FEC – Fire extinguisher cabinet

FF – Finish floor

FG – Finish grade

FHC – Fire hose cabinet

FLA – Full Load Amps

FLEX – Flexible

FLR – Floor

FLRDR – Floor Drain

FM – Flow meter

FO – Fuel oil

FOV – Flush out valve

FPM – Feet per Minute

FPS – Feet per Second

FRP – Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic

FS – Flow Switch, federal specs

FT – Feet, Foot

FTG – Fitting

FTR – Fin Tube Radiation

FU – Fixture unit

FV – Flush valve

G – Gas, Gram, gas line

GA – Gauge

GAL – Gallons

GALV – Galvanized

GFU – Glycol Feed Unit

GL.V – Globe valve

GND – Ground

GPD – Gallons per day

GPH – Gallons per Hour

GPM – Gallons per Minute

GPS – Gallons per second

GR – Grade, Grain

GV – Gate valve

GWH – Gas water heater

H2O – Water

HB – Hose Bib (Connection)

HD – Head

Hg – Mercury

HGT – Height

HMD – Humidity

HORIZ – Horizontal

HP – Horsepower, High Point

HR – Hour

HRU – Heat Recovery Unit

HRV – Heat Recovery Ventilator

HTD – Heated

HTG – Heating

HTR – Heater

HVAC – Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning

HW – Hot water

HWH – Hot water heater

HWR – Hot water return, hot water riser

HWS – Hot water supply

HWT – Hot water tank

HZ – Hertz (Cycles per Second)

ID – Inside Diameter

IN – Inches

IN. – Inch

INHg – Inches of mercury

INSUL – Insulation

INT – International

INTL – Internal

IPS – Iron pipe size

IV – Indirect vent

IW – Indirect waste

J – Joule

K – Kelvin

KG – Kilogram

KM – Kilometer

KM2 – Kquare kilometer

KPA – Kilo pascal

KS – Kitchen sink

KW – Kilowatt

L – Length, liter

LAT – Leaving Air Temperature

LB – Pound

LB. – Pound

LBF – Pound

LD – Linear Diffuser

LF – Linear Feet

LIQ – Liquid

LP – Low Point, Low Pressure

LRA – Locked Rotor Amps

LUVR / LVR – Louver

LVDR – Louvered Door

LVG – Leaving

LVL – Level

LVR – Louver

LWT – Leaving Water Temperature

M – Meter

M TYPE – Lightest type of rigid copper pipe

M2 – Square meter

MAN – Manual

MAT – Mixed air temperature

MAX – Maximum

MBH – 1000 BTUH, Thousand British thermal units per hour

MCA – Minimum Circuit Amps

MECH – Mechanical

MFR – Manufacturer

MG – Milligram

MGD – Millions gallons per day

MIN – Minimum, Minute

ML – Milliliter

MM – Millimeter

MM3 – Cubic millimeter

MPT – Male pipe thread

MTD – Mounted

MU – – Make-Up Water

MUA – – Make-Up Air

NA – Not applicable

NC – Noise Criteria, Normally Closed

NEG – Negative

NIC – Not in contact

NO – Normally Open

NOM – Nominal

NPHP – Name plate horsepower

NPS – Nominal pipe size

NPSH – Net positive suction head

NTS – Not to scale

O – Oxygen

OA – Outside Air

OAI – Outside Air Intake

OAT – Outside temperature

OC – On Center

oC – Degrees Celsius

OD – Outside Diameter

ODP – Open Drip Proof

OED – Open end duct

oF – Degrees Fahrenheit

OF – Overflow

OV – Outlet Velocity

OZ. – Ounce

PA – Pascal

PC – Plumbing contractor

PCF – Pounds per Cubic Foot

PCR – Pumped condensate return

PD – Pressure Drop

PF – Power factor

PG – Pressure gauge

PH – Phase

PL – Plate

PNEU – Pneumatic

PRESS – Pressure

PROP – Propeller

PRV – Pressure Reducing Valve

PSI – Pounds per Square Inch

PSIA – Pounds per Square Inch -Absolute

PSID – Pounds per Square Inch -Differential

PSIG – Pounds per Square Inch -Gauge

PV – Plug valve

PVC – Polyvinyl Chloride

QTY – Quantity

R – Radius

R/E – Return and exhaust

RA – Return Air

RAD – Radius

RAT – Return air temperature

RD – Roof drain

RECOV – Recovery

RED – Reducer

REF – Reference

REQD – Required

RET – Return

REV – Revision

RH – Relative Humidity

RL – Refrigerant liquid

RLA – Running Load Amps, Rated Load Amperes

RLF – Relief

RM – Room

RPM – Revolutions per Minute

RS – Refrigerant suction

RTN – Return

RTU – – Roof-Top Unit

RV – Relief valve

S – Switch

SA – Supply Air, Shock absorber

SAT – Supply air temperature

SCH – Schedule

SCR – Screen

SCT – Saturated Condensing Temperature

SD – Smoke Detector, Smoke Damper

SDT – Saturated discharge temperature

SE – Smoke Exhaust

SEC – Seconds, secondary

SEER – Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio

SEN / SENS – Sensible

SEP – Separate

SEQ – Sequence

SER – Series

SERV – Service

SF – Square Feet, Service factor

SFD – Combination Smoke / Fire Damper

SHC – Sensible Heat Capacity

SHT – Sheet

SI – International systems of units

SOL – Solenoid

SP – Static Pressure

SPEC – Specification

SPLY – Supply

SQ. – Square

SQ.FT. – Square feet

SS – Stainless Steel

SSH – Static suction head

SST – Saturated suction temperature

STD – Standard

STH – Static total head

STL – Steel

SUCT – Suction

SUP – Supply

SV – Service

SVH – Static velocity head

SW – Service weight

SWS – Service water

T – Temperature, Thermostat

TD – Temperature difference

TDH – Total dynamic head

TEFC – Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEMP – Temperature

TH – Thermometer

THK – Thick

TON – 12,000 BTUH {Cooling Capacity}

TP – Total pressure

TSP – Total Static Pressure

TSTAT – Thermostat

TYP – Typical

UC – Undercut {Door}

UF – Under floor

UH – Unit heater

V – Volts, Vent, Volume

VAC – Vacuum

VAV – Variable Air Volume

VB – Vacuum breaker

VCI – Vacuum cleaning inlet

VCL – Vacuum cleaning line

VD – Volume Damper

VEL – Velocity

VERT – Vertical

VFD – Variable Frequency Drive

VIB – Vibration

VOL – Volume

VP – Velocity pressure

VSD – Variable speed drive

VTR – Vent through roof

W – Watt, width, wide

WB – Wet Bulb Temperature

WC – Water Column

WCO – Wall clean out

WG – Water Gauge

WH – Water heater

WPD – Water Pressure Drop

WTD – Water Temperature Difference